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By early 1939 war was thought to be imminent. No-one was sure what this would mean, but many felt it would be safer if children were evacuated from vulnerable cities.
The evacuation of British cities at the start of the Second World War was the biggest and most concentrated mass movement of people in Britain's history. In the first four days of September 1939, nearly three million people were transported from towns and cities in danger from enemy bombers to places of safety in the countryside. The majority were schoolchildren who had been labelled like pieces of luggage, separated from their parents and accompanied instead by 100,000 teachers.
Plans for the evacuation of Leeds schools were well in hand before the outbreak of war, and the Ripon Gazette and Observer reported on the 31st August 1939 that a large number of children and teachers, including a group of two hundred and seventy-five from Lawnswood High School, was expected in the city. The following day Hitler invaded Poland, Lawnswood invaded Ripon, and on the 3rd September Britain declared war on Germany.
As far as possible, children in the same class and school were to be billeted 'in proximity'. One hundred and seventy-three Lawnswood girls arrived in the city on the 1st September. They had their lessons in the afternoons at Ripon Girls' High School and did their homework in Sunday Schoolrooms in the mornings. An old girl of Ripon High School recalled that the Lawnswood girls had the use of their desks and so the Ripon girls had to carry all their books home. The displaced Ripon pupils spent their afternoons doing homework and filling in names on ration books at the council office. She could not remember any opportunity for the two groups of girls to meet.
Attitudes towards the evacuees seem to have been generally positive, although the paper noted that some families, notably the better off, had to be coerced into taking their share. One lady was in trouble for sending three Lawnswood girls straight back to Leeds when one of them was thought to have caught mumps. Apparently, she did not want her servants to be infected! An 'association to help in securing the welfare of evacuees' was set up, and Miss Holden was appointed to the committee. On 21st December 1939, the Lawnswood girls put on a production of 'Yeomen of the Guard' in the Zion schoolroom to raise money for the Red Cross and Moral Welfare funds.
For the full diary of events that occurred whilst Lawnswood was at Ripon, please see the diary from the 1940 School Magazine.
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"Yeomen Of The Guard" performed by Lawnswood Girls at Ripon
Lawnswood Girls at Ripon High School
The following pages are from the Lawnswood High School Magazine of June 1940. By then the girls had returned to Leeds, but their experiences are documented in the school mag. Each section was written by a different girl, and simply initialled, so we’ll never know who wrote each piece. Whilst they seem to have stoically made the best of their time in Ripon, it’s obvious that they were very happy to go home.
From the same edition of the magazine, I have included the Guild Of Help report as it documents the girls’ hard work for the War effort — especially their collections and knitting circles. It also notes the dissolution of the long association with South Accommodation Road School.
The days leading up to the outbreak of war were very worrying — nobody knew what was going to happen and we had been told that this war would affect the civilian population more than any previous war. We had already been issued with gas masks! There had been talk of evacuating schoolchildren away from the big towns into safer areas — and Lawnswood had plans! Of course no destination had been specified. This was also alarming as most of us had never been away from home (alone) before. People were not so mobile in those days and few had cars.
On arrival at RIPON station we were met by the Billeting Officer who allocated us to our new homes. I finished up with EVA YEADON, KATHLEEN MYERS and PAULINE HEY in a large house on the outskirts. It was inhabited by a family of three plus servants.
The oak-panelled dining room had been converted into accommodation for the four of us — two at each end with beds, chests of drawers etc. The black-out was in force and it was rather gloomy at night. There were dim blue lights in the corridors etc. We did not eat with the family but had our meals in the servants’ dining room but not with them.
The bathroom was along a passage, up a flight of broad shallow stairs and down a passage off the upper landing. After dark, with only the blue lights, it was very spooky!
On the first night we awoke to a loud clanking and groaning noise — GHOSTS!?? Terrifying. It transpired later that the elderly and wheelchair-bound mother of the family had to be hoisted up to the first floor in a very ancient lift which was operated by ropes!
We had the free run of the garden, a large walled area where peaches etc. were grown and a large fruiting fig tree grew in a sheltered corner.
Our schooling continued, sharing the Ripon Girls High School for half a day, and the other half consisted of ‘homework’ in a church hall. The Ripon Girls alternated with us.
I think it was about the second night there when the air raid sirens sounded. What to do? The daughter of the house came and told us to get dressed and come through to their quarters. It was then decided that we should all leave the house and walk down the road and into a field where we encountered a number of other people who lived in the vicinity. There was much speculation as to what was happening and where. After some time the all-clear was sounded and we all trooped back ‘home’.
It all took a lot of getting used to. The parents of Pauline and myself sometimes came over and took us out for a meal.
A few weeks later we were all summoned to the family quarters one evening and sternly addressed by the daughter who informed us that the Government had promised to give them an allowance for us and our parents had volunteered to supplement this, but so far nothing had been received. We were all stunned and upset by this piece of news and fled to the house where Miss Holden was lodging. She calmed us down and listened intently to our story. We were to go back and speak to nobody and she would deal with the matter. The following day we were told to pack our belongings and prepare to move. Pauline and I went to a smaller home. The lady had recently had a baby but she was determined to look after us too. Her husband did not agree at all as he felt it was too much for her. We made a business of being as helpful as we could in every way possible and did our best to win over the husband, who thawed.
However, after a few weeks we received a telegram telling us to come home at the weekend and bring everything with us. Big mystery. (I discovered on unpacking that the kind hostess had popped a little tartan purse into my case.) We were told on arrival home that we were not going back, but to boarding school. Another Big Experience. It was a convent school (neither of us were Catholic!)
In the long run, as Leeds had not been bombed and a lot of girls had left and gone back to Leeds, it was decided that the school as a whole would return to Leeds. I started an immediate campaign to get back to Lawnswood and home and did so in my School Certificate year. Dorothy Sclater ’38-’41
Our parents took us to Leeds Station with brown luggage labels tied to lapels and our gas masks in cardboard boxes. I looked around for some familiar faces.
We were distributed around the town to people who had agreed to have an evacuee. There was nobody at home at the house I was taken to in Blossomgate, so I was left on a seat outside to wait. I had a pack of postcards with stamps already printed on them, so I wrote one to my parents and put it in a postbox across the road. I waited, and waited. Then a neighbour told me the people in that house were away on holiday. Somewhat bewildering for an 8 year old who had never been away alone before.
At last Miss McLeod, who was to stay in the next-door house, found me. There were no more billets left on the list, so two old ladies living in a tiny cottage nearby were persuaded to take me just for one night. I liked my tiny bedroom with a sloping ceiling, but one of the old ladies had a fuzzy ginger beard and I was a bit frightened of her. I wrote another postcard home.
My cousin Joan McCarmick and her friend Evelyn were staying in one of the other houses in the terrace and as I didn’t know anybody else, the people there were persuaded to take me as well. That second night there was an air raid warning. We had to go and sit in the cellar, and I was very worried about my parents in Leeds who didn’t have a cellar and were very near Kirkstall Forge.
We started morning lessons in the big chapel at the end of the row of houses in Blossomgate. Afternoons at the High School. I could choose to go back down to the Kindergarten, or up a form where everybody was older than me. I didn’t like either very much.
Then one night I overheard heard the people talking to Joan and Evelyn. They had not expected to have three evacuees so were asking Evelyn if she would move to the Minister’s house next to the chapel.
The Minister was quite Victorian. I got on well with his children and taught them how to fold paper birds. (I didn’t know then it was Origami!) We had to go to chapel three times on Sundays so I took a small notebook. We made birds in smaller and smaller sizes, arranging them along the pew shelf. And for the rest of Sunday we were not allowed to play with toys, only jigsaw puzzles. We were not supposed to read comics at all, but David had some hidden away. The food was very strange to me, and I found the butter rancid. When my parents came to see me they brought chocolate finger biscuits, and butter! I was very proud to go next-door to the chapel schoolroom every morning with the enormous key, to open up for school.
I didn’t stay long, and remember crying all the way home when my parents came to collect me. ‘Why are you crying?’ ‘Because I’m happy.’ Janet Rawlins ’38-’44
Do you have any stories to tell about being evacuated from Lawnswood to Ripon? Did your family live in Ripon and house any of the Lawnswood girls? If so, please contact lhs.alumnae@ntlworld.com
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